The Evolution Of The Muslim Society In The Subcontinent
Introduction
- Took centuries not years.
- Gradual evolution
- The Muslims came to the Indian Subcontinent in waves of conquest. (Ch.M.Ali)
Arab Traders And Islam
- Muslim traders from first Hijra
- Fair dealing and simplicity
- Islam in coastal areas
- Preaching of Islam besides trade
Muhammad Bin Qasim
- Pirates and Raja Dahir
- Conquest of Daibal and Nairun in 712
- March to North and conquest of Multan
- Effect on local people
“The conquered territories underwent many political changes, but the process of Islamization continued without any disruption.” (I.H. Qureshi)
Sultan Mehmood Of Ghazna
- Impacts of raids on Punjab
- Spread of Islam
Muhammad Ghouri
- Raids from 1175
- Established permanent hold
- Appointment of Aibak in 1206
The Dehli Sultanate
- 1206-1526, five dynasties
- Weak dynasties over 300 years
- Whole Subcontinent under Muslim in 14th century
- Huge impacts
Influence Of Muslim Conquests
- In all spheres
“For the first time Muslim’s culture flooded the Hindu land of India.” (K.K.Aziz)
1.Religious Influence
- Spread of Islam
- Role of Saints and Sufis
- Islamic code of life
2.Cultural Influence
- Development of literature , art and architecture
- Tradition and customs of Islam
- Buildings and fine arts
3.Social Influence
- Islamic Values
- Equality, Peace, Justice, Morality
- Attraction for the wretched class
4.Social Influence
- Islamic Values
- Equality, Peace, Justice, Morality
- Attraction for the wretched class
- Influence of Intellectual Life
- Patronage of scholars, poets
- Amir Khushru, Laila Majnu, Yousaf Zulaikha
- Punjabi poetry
- Economic Influence
- Economic development
- Trade , industry and agriculture
- Equal opportunities , division of labour
- Political Influence
- Strong and stable admin, structure
- Impact lasts to date in different institutes of subcontinent
- Separate courts, kotawal, Muhtasib
Conclusion